Interpretation of uplift pipeline–soil interaction behaviour using acoustic emission measurements

The objective of this study was to develop quantitative acoustic emission (AE) interpretation for uplift pipeline–soil interaction behaviour, enabling early warning serviceability and ultimate limit state failures in the field. A series large-scale experiments performed on a steel pipe sand with different burial depths (i.e., stress levels), varying rates deformation were imposed. suite AE parameters compared force displacement behaviour. Image-based measurements used monitor soil generation proportional imposed level rate related evolution pipe–soil failure mechanism. Relationships have been quantified between (R 2 values 0.99), velocity ranging from 0.95 0.98), accelerating behaviour that accompanies progressive ground processes. An example framework demonstrates how can be identify mobilisation peak resistance quantify during post-peak softening.